Denmark presents its sovereignty over Greenland as settled and lawful. But a closer look at its historical treatment of the Inuit, the island’s original inhabitants, raises deeper questions of legitimacy. From coercive population policies to forced assimilation, the record complicates Denmark’s moral claim at a moment when Greenland’s future is once again under global scrutiny.
As Arctic ice retreats, the High North is being transformed from a frozen periphery into a strategic corridor. This chapter examines why Greenland matters not as territory or mineral wealth, but as fixed infrastructure anchoring military transit, sensing, and enforcement in a newly passable Arctic and why capability, not sovereignty claims, is shaping the redistribution of the North.
Greenland has become a proving ground for alliance discipline. The United States already has military access, yet pressure on Denmark signals a shift from treaty restraint to coercive signalling, with consequences for NATO trust and transatlantic stability.